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GULTIVATOR. No. 432,031. Patented July 15, 1890.

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DANIEL D. FUNK, OF SPRINGFIELD, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO TI-IE G. S. FOOSCOINIPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

cULTlvATo R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 432,031, dated July 15,1890.

Application filed January 25, 1890. Serial No.338,082. A(No model.)

To all whom, it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, DANIEL D. FUNK, a citizen of the United States,residing at Springield, in the county of Clark and State of Ohio, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Cultivators, of whichthe following1 is a specification,reference being had therein to theaccompanying drawings.

This invention relates to certain improvements in cultivators; and theimprovements have reference to constructing the arched axle in twoparts, so arranged that they can be adj usted to and from each other towiden or narrow the distance between the plow-gangs carried by eachsection; have reference to an improved arrangement of draft-rods,wherebyl the draft-strains maybe properly distributed irrespective ofthe distance between the plowgangs; have reference to an improved springequipment arranged to sustain a part of the weight of the gangs, toassist in elevating them to a hang-up position, and to assist indepressing them into the ground; and the improvements have reference tocertain details of construction hereinafter Inore fully described.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, andin which like reference-lettersindicatecorrespondingparts, Figure 1represents a side elevatiorrof a cultivator embodying my improvements;Fig. 2, a plan view thereof; Fig. 3, a side elevation, on an enlargedscale, of one section of the arch, the spring equipment, severaldraftrods, and the adjunct devices, with the beam in operative position;Fig. 4, a front elevation of the same parts; Fig. 5, a detail plan viewof a part of the forward coupling of the beam; Fig. 6, a side elevationof the parts shown in Fig. 3, with the beam in elevated r in operativeposition; Fig. 7, a detail side View of the double arm used in thespring equipment; Figs. 8 and 9, an elevation and a plan view of thecross-head detached; Figs. 10 and 11, detail side views of beam castingsand stirrups; Fig. 12, a det-ail side view of a ring and eye used in thedraft devices; Fig. 13, an inside view of the clip used in said devices,and Figs. 1li and 15 detail views of the handleplate.

The letter A designates the tongue, which 'through the forwardbeam-coupling K.

is of the divided or split type, and the letter B the sections of theaxles, the two constituting the complete arch and being secured tof-'thetongue by means of blocks C, bolted thereto and receiving said sections.These sections are mounted on wheels of the ordinary type.

To cach section is secured a hanger composed of bars D, secured at theirupper ends to a casting E, having a sleeve G, which tits over thesection of the arch, and is held at adjusted positions by the set-screwsII. To the lower ends of the bars is pivotally connected a beam-couplingcomposed of arms I, having openings in their ends to receive a verticalcoupling-pin J, which passes down The upper ends of the arms I aredivided, as seen in Fig. 5, and provided with a clampingscrew L, whichacts to compress the divided portions and contract the diameter of theopening', so as to clamp the pin J and hold it in place. The forwardcoupling is further composed of a web M, which receives the pivot-boltO, that passes through the hanger-bars D and forms the horizontal axisupon which the beams turn when they are lifted andlowered. These hangersare in duplicate, there being one at either side of the machine. Thedistance between the beams may be varied to suit circumstances, as thewidth of the rows of corn under cultivation, by adjusting the sleeve Gfrom side to side. The web M has a series of holes in it to receive oneof the draft-rods, as will appear hereinafter. Thus it will beunderstood that the beams are coupled to hangers and that. the hangersare sidewise adjustable. Each beam consists of two parallel bars P,whose rear ends are provided'with castings Q, preferably of the formshown in Figs. 10 and 11, having stirrups R to receive the operatorsfoot when the machine is used as a ridingcultivator. These castings havea pivotal connection with a cross-head S by means of two bolts, whichpass through the cross-head at a point to one side of its center, andalso through the eye in the arms T of the casting, as also through acentral eye formed in the eXtension'U of the casting. To this extensionis bolted the handle-plate V. (Shown in IOO Figs. 14 and l5.) The wingXV of the plate is bolted to the extension through the openings X and Y,the slot Z, and the opening Z', the slot admitting of adjusting the wingat different angles. The wing A of the plate receives the handle, towhich it is bolted, the series of holes B of which admit of adjustingthe handles laterally.

The cross-head is preferably of the form shown in Figs. 8 and 9, havingopenings C', through one of which the extension U of the casting Qprojects. The outer ends of this cross-head have recesses D' to receivethe shovel-standards, as seen in Figs. 2 and S. These standards E' areof the usual type, and each carry a shovel of any approved type. -It ispreferred to construct the beam-brackets Q with the stirrup R formed inone piece therewith, though the stirrup might be made of a separatepiece and secured to the bracket.

' In Fig. 1l the extension beyond the eye that receives thecoupling-plate is omitted, as that form of bracket is intended to beused with a walking-cultivator only.

l will now refer to the draft devices. These consist of singletrees F'and a doubletree G', secured to the tongue A. Suspended from the outerends of the doubletree are draftbars H', having a series of holestherein, in which to engage the clevises of the singletrees F',according to whether the :machine is used as a riding or a walkingcultivator. If as a walking-cultivator, then the clevis is hooked intoone of the lower holes, so as to .draw upward and lighten the weight ofthe tongue upon the animals necks. If used a riding-cultivator, in whichcase the weight of the driver will be sustained by the rearwardextensions of the tongue, the clevis is hooked higher up, as the driversweight counterbalances in part that of the tongue. To

j this draft-bar is hooked a draft-rod J', jointed near the middle andarranged to be engaged either with a clip K', carried by the section ofthe arch inside of the wheel, or with the eye-plate L', carried by theouter end of the axle, both of which arrangements are shown in Fig. 2.It is convenient to connect these draft-rods in one or the other ofthese places, according as the sections of the arch may be adjusted withrespect to each other. These several devices enter into the `directdraft O' is to prevent the vhangers from swinging back when the shovelsare thrown into the ground. This arrangement of rods for bracing themachine and receiving the draftstrains is found to be very strong' andadvantageous in practice. The plate of the clip K is shown in detail inFig. 13, and will be seen to have two holes K", one to receive the rodM' and the other the rod J. This plate also has a boss L" concaved tolit the arch.

Referring now to the spring equipment, the letter a designates a collarhaving two arms Z1 and c, the collar being fitted to the arch betweenthe members of the sleeve G. Each of the arms b and c has openingstherein, the former above the latter, but of about the same 4radialdistance from the axis of the collar a.

The arm c carries a chain d, which at its lower end is connected with aprojection on the beam-coupling. The arm b connects by suitable linkswitha rod c, carrying at its lower end a plate f. A similar plate g isfitted around this rod and carried by the upper ends of a stirrup h, anda spiral spring is coiled around the stirrup and the rod c and littedbetween the plates f and g. The normal tendency of this spring is toelongate itself. stirrup h is engaged with the web M-of the coupling ata point much nearer the pivotbolt O than the connection of the chain dwith the coupling, so that the latter has the greatest leverage.

The operation of this spring equipment is as follows: By taking hold ofthe handle and lifting' the beam enough to clear the shovels of theground the arm b is ldrawn down by the spring t from the position shownin Fig. 3 to that shown in Fig. 6, during which movement the line ofstrain exerted by the spring moves away from the axis of the collar a,thus increasing the leverage of the spring. As this is taking place, thearm c is approaching the center of oscillation and losing in leverage.Thus the spring is gaining in leverage atone side and the resistanceoffered it lessening ou the other side ofthe center of oscillation ofthe double arm. The result is that the spring gains in advantage inexcess of the loss of its tension, thus enabling it to assist in raisingthe beam with more and more power the higher the latter rises. Thedotted lines in Fig. (i show a further movement of the double arm, withthe arm c very much nearer the center. In this position the spring willsustain the beam-in an elevated position. Vhen the beam is depressed andthe shovels are in the ground, the spring loses its leverage and thebeam gains in leverage in the inverse order to that just described,resulting in depriving the spring of the ability to lift the beam. Asthe spring draws upon the forward end of the beam-coupling, and as itsforce, when the beam is down, is largely exerted against the support ofthe arm b, (the leverage being in that Vposition very short,) it acts tothrow the shovels downward, with a tendency to maintain them in theground. Another peculiarity of the device is if the chain be arranged tocome in Contact with the coupling at the upper rear portion, assuggested in Fig. 3,. it will act against the descent of the beam,because of The f ICC IIO

the tendency to throw the chain out of a straight line, while the straintends to draw it in such line. Thus the spring equipment has the qualityof lifting or assisting in lift ing the beam, of suspending it when wellelevated, and of holding it or tending to hold it in a position tomaintain the shovels in the ground, while the position and arrangementot' the chain incidentally arrest too great a descent of the shovels bythe engagement of the coupling with the chain.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is- 4 l. In a cultivator, thecombination, with an arched axle composed of two sections laterallyadjustable with respect to each other, of a hanger carried by eachsection, brace-rods connected to the hangers, a coupling pivotal lymounted in the lower part of each hanger, and a beam carryingshovel-standards and connected to each coupling by a verticalVpivot-pin.

2. In a cult-ivator, the combination, with an arched axle composed oftwo sections and a divided pole carryinfr clips for each section, thesections being laterally adjustable, a cross-bar carried by the pole,and brace or draft rods connected to it, of a hanger depending from eachsection, a coupling connected to each hanger on a horizontal pivot, saidrods being connected, respectively, to the axle-sections and thehangers, and a beam pivoted to each coupling by a vertical pivotpin.

In a cultivator, the combination, with an arched axle and a hangerdepending therefrom, of a coupling connected to the hanger on ahorizontal pivot and carrying two vertical pivot-pins, a drag-barconnected to each pivot-pin, and a cross-head also connected to saiddrag-bars, carrying shovel-standards, and a suitable brace to hold thehanger against swin gin g back.

4. In a cultivator, the combination, with an arched axle, the tongue,and a cross-bar and whililetree carried by said tongue, of hangerscarried by the axle, a beam-coupling mounted in each hanger, beamsconnected to said couplings, brace or draft rods connected to eachcoupling, to the lower parts of the axle, and to said cross-bar,draft-rods connected to the lower part of the axle, and draft-barspendent from said whii'lletree and engaged by the draft-rods.

5. In a cultivator, the combination, with the two drag-bars and aforward coupling to which they are attached, of castings secured to therear ends of said bars and divided into upper and lower arms, and anintermediate extension4 of a cross-head having two pivot-holes, andpivot-bolts therein and extending through said arms and extension.

G. In a cultivator, the combination, with a drag-bar, of a castingsecured to the rear end thereof and divided into upper and lower arms,and an intermediate extension, the arms and extension having holes toreceive a pivotbolt, and a handle connected to said extension.

7. In a cultivator, the combination, with a drag-bar, of a castingsecured to the rear end thereof and divided into upper and lower arms-and an intermediate extension, and provided with a foot-stirrup.

8. In a cultivator, the combination, with an arched axle, a drag barorbeam, and a pivoted coupling therefor, of a double arm mounted on thearch, a chain-connection between one of its members and the bar or beamto the rear of the coupling-pivot, and a spiral spring connected to thecoupling forward of but nearer to its pivot, and also connected with theother member of the arm at a pointabove the point of connection with theother member.

9. In a cnltivator, the combination, with an arched axle, a hangercarried thereby, a coupling horizontally pivoted to the hanger, and adrag bar or beam vertically pivoted to the coupling, of a double armmounted on the arch with one member above the other ,with

respect to the center of oscillation,a connection between the lower armand the coupling tothe rearof its pivot, astirrup engaged with thecoupling forward of but nearer to its pivot, a spiral spring carried bythe stirrup, and a connection between the spring and the higher arm.

10. Ina cultivator, the combination, with an arched axle, adragbarorbeam, and a pivoted coupling therefor, of a double arm mounted on thearch, a connection between one of its IOO members and the bar or beam,and a spring connected to the other arm and to the coupling forward ofits pivot.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

DANIEL D. FUNK. Vtitnesses:

WARREN HULL, H. M. PLAISTED.

